Dataset

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High-Resolution Land-Use and Land-Cover Map of the Southern Region of Vietnam
(Released in September 2018 / Version 18.09) 

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1. Summary

The rapid development of socio-economic in southern Vietnam has made the land cover system changes dramatically. In order to highlight the land cover change, we created maps for the year 2007 and 2017, making use of satellite datasets such as Sentinel, Landsat, ALOS-AVNIR-2, PALSAR, PALSAR-2 mosaic etc.

2. Data used for creating the map

  • Data 1: Sentinel 2 10 m resolution, 183 scenes (2017).
  • Data 2: Landsat 8 OLI 30 m resolution, 42 scenes (2017).
  • Data 3: Landsat 5 TM 30 m resolution, 93 scenes (2007).
  • Data 4: ALOS AVNIR 2 10 m resolution, 84 scenes (2007).
  • Data 5: ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 25 m resolution mosaic dataset (2017).
  • Data 6: ALOS PALSAR 25 m resolution mosaic dataset (2007).
  • Data 7: ALOS Digital surface model (2017).
  • Data 8: Vietnam Geographic Information database (2007).

3. Classification algorithm

Bayesian classifier with kernel density estimation (Hashimoto et al., 2014)

4. Data format

  • Coordinate system: Latitude and longitude coordinate system with ITRF-94 on GRS-80 ellipsoid.
  • Tile unit: 1 degree x 1 degree, (10,581 pixels x 10,581 lines)
  • Mesh size: (1 / 10,581) degree × (1 / 10,581) degree (corresponding to approximate 10 m × 10 m)
  • File naming convention: For example, LC_N18E106.tif indicates 18 to 19 degrees north latitude and 106 to 107 degrees east longitude.
  • Format: GeoTIFF format
  • Period of coverage: Year 2007 and 2017 (two different maps)

The value of each pixel is ID number of the category for classification as follows:

  • #0: Unclassified
  • #1: Water
  • #2: Urban and built-up
  • #3: Rice paddy
  • #4: Crops
  • #5: Grassland
  • #6: Orchards
  • #7: Bare land
  • #8: Forest
  • #9: Mangrove
  • #255: No data

5. Accuracy verification

Tables 1 and 2 present the accuracy of southern Vietnam maps for producers, users and overall accuracy based on a confusion matrix. The overall accuracy of southern Vietnam land cover/land use maps for the year 2007 and 2017 are 82.7 % and 84 % respectively. Figures 1 shows the results of 10-m spatial resolution land cover maps of the southern Vietnam for the year 2007 and 2017 respectively.
Table 1: Confusion matrix showing producer’s, user’s and overall accuracies of the southern Vietnam land cover map in 2007.
  Classified Producer's
accuracy (%)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 TOTAL
Validation 1 338 21 18 2 4 0 13 6 14 416 81.3
2 2 205 6 5 0 2 4 1 3 228 90.0
3 0 10 390 2 2 3 14 4 22 447 87.3
4 0 0 1 39 0 0 0 1 0 41 95.2
5 0 0 0 2 45 2 2 2 1 54 83.4
6 0 5 4 21 3 65 4 15 15 132 49.3
7 2 36 3 3 7 2 97 3 4 157 61.8
8 0 7 5 47 26 11 21 640 16 773 82.8
9 3 2 0 1 0 1 0 2 269 278 96.8
TOTAL 345 286 427 12 87 86 155 6 344 2,526 80.9
User's
accuracy (%)
98.0 71.7 91.4 32.0 51.8 75.6 62.6 95.0 78.2 72.9 82.7%
Table2: Confusion matrix showing producer’s, user’s and overall accuracies of the southern Vietnam land cover map in 2017.
  Classified Producer's
accuracy (%)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 TOTAL
Validation 1 955 8 17 15 2 14 1 3 7 1,022 93.5
2 33 2,646 11 105 140 63 53 35 1 3,087 85.8
3 9 36 1,646 66 69 68 47 51 4 1,996 82.5
4 0 12 10 492 17 12 3 14 5 565 87.1
5 0 18 9 22 460 28 30 25 4 596 77.2
6 0 6 1 8 6 677 1 1 11 711 95.3
7 6 105 46 36 135 15 701 27 1 1,072 65.4
8 3 21 17 219 80 80 44 2,582 60 3,106 83.2
9 9 1 1 4 1 5 0 8 440 469 93.9
TOTAL 1,015 2,853 1,758 967 910 962 880 2,746 533 12,624 84.9
User's
accuracy (%)
94.1 92.8 93.7 50.9 50.6 70.4 79.7 94.1 82.6 78.8 84.0
Figure 1: The 2007 land cover map (left) and the 2017 land cover map (right).
Figure 1: The 2007 land cover map (left) and the 2017 land cover map (right).

6. References

  • "A New Method to Derive Precise Land-use and Land-cover Maps Using Multi-temporal Optical Data", Shutaro Hashimoto, Takeo Tadono, Masahiko Onosato, Masahiro Hori and Kei Shiomi (2014) Journal of The Remote Sensing Sociery of Japan, 34 (2), 102-112.
  • "Land Cover Change Mapping in Southern Vietnam Using Multi-temporal High resolution Satellite Remote Sensing Data", Ta Hoang Trung, Master’s thesis, University of Tsukuba, 2018.

Acknowledgements

  • Sentinel 2, Landsat 8 OLI, Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 5 TM image courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey.
  • ALOS-AVNIR-2, PALSAR and PALSAR Mosaic image courtesy of JAXA (see: https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/library/disaster_e.htm for detail)
  • The SRTMGL1 data product was retrieved from the online Data Pool, courtesy of the NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC), USGS/Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/srtmgl1v003/.